Psoriasis (Psoriasis)

Psoriasis (Schuppenflechte) is a chronic skin condition. In this condition, skin cells grow rapidly, shortening the time normally required for skin cells to mature and shed. This rapid growth and accumulation lead to thick, scaly, red lesions.

The exact cause of psoriasis is unknown, but it is believed to involve the interaction of the immune system, genetic factors, and environmental triggers. Triggers such as stress, infections, trauma, smoking, and certain medications can contribute to the onset or worsening of psoriasis symptoms.

Symptoms of psoriasis can vary from person to person but typically include:

- Red Lesions: Thick, red, or pinkish lesions are often seen on specific areas of the body (such as elbows, knees, scalp, hands, or feet).
- Flaky Shedding: White or silvery scales may form on the lesions.
- Itching and Burning: Lesions can be itchy and sensitive, sometimes causing a burning sensation.
- Cracked or Bleeding Skin: Lesions can become dry and may crack or bleed.

The treatment of psoriasis usually focuses on controlling symptoms and providing relief. Treatment options may include:

1. Topical Treatments (ointment medications): In cases of mild or moderate psoriasis, topical treatments such as corticosteroids, vitamin D analogs, retinoids, and salicylic acid can be used. These treatments can help soothe lesions and reduce scaling.

2. Phototherapy (light therapy): Phototherapy methods, such as controlled exposure to ultraviolet B (UVB) light or psoralen plus ultraviolet A (PUVA) therapy, may be applied under specialist supervision. These treatments can help control the growth of skin cells.

3. Systemic Medications: In severe psoriasis, your doctor may recommend systemic medications taken orally or by injection (such as methotrexate, cyclosporine, biologic agents). These medications can suppress the immune system to control psoriasis symptoms.

4. Lifestyle Changes: Lifestyle changes like stress management, adopting a healthy diet, regular exercise, and avoiding smoking can assist in managing psoriasis.

Psoriasis treatment varies from person to person, and the treatment plan should be determined by a dermatologist. Regular doctor follow-ups and communication are important for the effectiveness of treatment and keeping symptoms under control.